Curso de Inglês para Empresas Gama APP - nível 3B
APP3B Um curso de inglês comercial
UNIT 16 MARKET FORCES |
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16.1 Describing markets |
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Functions: |
Describing market characteristics Describing degrees of competition |
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Target Language: |
Language for describing supply and demand Language for describing competition in a market |
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Theme: |
Global competition |
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16.2 Success and failure |
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Functions: |
Describing degrees of success and failure |
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Target Language: |
Language for describing successful and unsuccessful products Language for describing good and bad commercial performance |
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Theme: |
Success and failure in the movie business |
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16.3 Assessing risk |
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Functions: |
Explaining the nature of risks Describing degrees of risk |
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Target Language: |
Gerund forms: risk …ing, a risk/danger of …ing Words, idioms and collocations for describing risk |
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Theme: |
Internal competition to drive product development |
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UNIT 17 FORECASTING |
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17.1 Making predictions |
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Functions: |
Expressing predictions Describing degrees of likelihood |
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Target Language: |
Language for describing certainty and probability about the future |
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Theme: |
Disruptive innovation Future of CDs and online music |
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17.2 Future timescales |
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Functions: |
Referring to future timescales Expressing short-term and long-term forecasts |
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Target Language: |
Expressions for describing future periods of time |
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Theme: |
Peak oil Alternative power sources for vehicles |
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17.3 Forecasting progress |
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Functions: |
Describing future activities and events |
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Target Language: |
Future continuous: will be …ing Future perfect: will have (done) Future perfect continuous: will have been …ing |
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Theme: |
Arrangements for future projects |
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UNIT 18 GUIDANCE |
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18.1 Advice |
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Functions: |
Expressing comparative advice Referring to and comparing specific factors Expressing degree and emphasis in comparisons |
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Target Language: |
Review and extension of comparatives and superlatives |
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Theme: |
Investment advice |
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18.2 Recommendations |
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Functions: |
Expressing recommendations Emphasizing the importance of recommendations Expressing cautionary insights |
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Target Language: |
Language for making formal recommendations Language for urging and encouraging Language for warning and cautioning |
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Theme: |
Investment advice |
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18.3 Feedback and criticism |
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Functions: |
Summing up feedback Describing action needed in response to feedback |
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Target Language: |
Language for describing acceptance and rejection Language for describing action based on feedback |
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Theme: |
Constructive criticism Feedback on a product idea |
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UNIT 19 IN WRITING |
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19.1 Conventions of correspondence |
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Functions: |
Beginning and ending formal and informal emails |
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Target Language: |
Formal language for beginning and ending correspondence |
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Theme: |
Formality in emails Corresponding with native and non-native speakers |
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19.2 Abbreviated language in emails |
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Functions: |
Using abbreviated words and style in emails |
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Target Language: |
Common abbreviated words and letter abbreviations Email style of omitting “I” and other words Abbreviated descriptions in email subject headings |
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Theme: |
Types of abbreviation and usage |
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19.3 Email “small talk” |
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Functions: |
Beginning and ending emails with friendly expressions and “small talk” |
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Target Language: |
Informal small talk in emails |
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Theme: |
Common small talk subjects in emails |
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UNIT 20 DEVELOPMENT |
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20.1 Business growth |
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Functions: |
Describing business growth Describing a company history |
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Target Language: |
Language for describing business set-up and expansion |
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Theme: |
Sir Richard Branson and Virgin Business expansion options |
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20.2 Company difficulties |
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Functions: |
Describing commercial problems Qualifying the seriousness of problems |
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Target Language: |
Words and phrases for describing problems Terminology of business problems |
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Theme: |
Turning round troubled businesses Common business difficulties |
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20.3 Analyzing background |
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Functions: |
Describing a previous situation |
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Target Language: |
Past perfect simple: had done Past perfect continuous: had been …ing |
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Theme: |
“Nissan 180” The influence of background on business strategy |
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UNIT 21 ON THE PHONE |
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21.1 Getting through |
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Functions: |
Dealing with incoming phone calls Calling a correspondent via a switchboard |
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Target Language: |
Phrasal verbs used in telephoning |
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Theme: |
Call management |
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21.2 Starting and ending calls |
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Functions: |
Beginning and ending phone calls politely Enquiring whether someone is free to talk on the phone Referring to the subject of a call |
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Target Language: |
Polite telephoning phrases |
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Theme: |
Interruptions from phone calls |
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21.3 Phrasing questions |
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Functions: |
Phrasing questions politely |
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Target Language: |
Indirect questions |
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Theme: |
Enquiring about arrangements Customer service questions |
UNIT 22 SOLUTIONS |
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22.1 Discussing requirements |
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Functions: |
Carrying out a needs analysis Emphasizing the importance of requirements Describing priorities |
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Target Language: |
Language for describing needs Language for emphasizing importance and priorities |
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Theme: |
Skiwear design Workplace requirements |
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22.2 Problems and solutions |
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Functions: |
Describing problems generally Referring to specific aspects of problems Describing solutions to problems |
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Target Language: |
Language for referring to and describing problems Language for describing solutions |
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Theme: |
Dress codes at work |
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22.3 Explaining strategies |
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Functions: |
Explaining the reasoning behind decisions and actions |
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Target Language: |
Language for explaining reasons Gerund forms: reason for …ing, a means/method of …ing, a key to …ing, a mechanism for …ing |
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Theme: |
Orange brand and logo Keys to good logo design |
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UNIT 23 ON THE AGENDA |
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23.1 Preparing for a meeting |
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Functions: |
Discussing the organization and formalities of meetings |
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Target Language: |
Specific terminology of meetings |
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Theme: |
Arrangements for a meeting Opening a meeting |
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23.2 Working through an agenda |
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Functions: |
Chairing meetings and understanding a chairperson’s instructions Referring to the documents of meetings |
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Target Language: |
Phrases frequently used in meetings |
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Theme: |
Common problems in meetings Working through an agenda |
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23.3 Arranging and delegating action |
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Functions: |
Volunteering to take action Requesting action and issuing instructions Confirming and emphasizing action to be taken |
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Target Language: |
I’ll…, I can…, I could…, Shall I… ? Could you… ?, Can you… ?, Would you… ?, Will you… ?, Would you mind …ing? Imperative |
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Theme: |
Decisiveness vs. pushiness A crisis meeting |
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UNIT 24 COMMUNICATION |
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24.1 Communication processes |
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Functions: |
Refer to conversations with others Organizing a discussion process |
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Target Language: |
Language for describing communication and information flow |
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Theme: |
Developing ideas informally |
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24.2 Reporting on discussions |
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Functions: |
Reporting what was said in specific and general terms |
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Target Language: |
Reported speech |
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Theme: |
Discussing an idea informally Exploratory discussions with a prospective employee |
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24.3 Reporting on sentiments |
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Functions: |
Expressing observations and impressions Describing sentiments |
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Target Language: |
Language for describing reactions and sentiments |
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Theme: |
(Extension of themes from 24.2) |
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UNIT 25 SOCIALIZING |
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25.1 Polite phrases |
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Functions: |
Meeting and greeting people using the right register Using polite expressions appropriately |
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Target Language: |
Polite phrases |
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Theme: |
Evolving usage patterns with polite phrases |
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25.2 Hobbies and interests |
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Functions: |
Discussing hobbies and interests in the context of small talk |
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Target Language: |
Personalized language for describing leisure pursuits Extension of phrasal verbs |
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Theme: |
Cultural perceptions of hobbies |
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25.3 Eating out |
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Functions: |
Talking about food, drink and recipes Explaining dishes on a menu |
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Target Language: |
Diverse food and drink vocabulary |
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Theme: |
HSBC eels commercial Global table etiquette |
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UNIT 26 CAREERS |
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26.1 Education and career |
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Functions: |
Summing up your education and qualifications Describing your career progression |
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Target Language: |
Language for describing educational achievements Language for describing career history Language for describing the professional learning process |
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Theme: |
Aims of a mentoring program |
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26.2 Professional experiences |
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Functions: |
Describing the outcome of past actions and events |
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Target Language: |
was(n’t)/were(n’t) able to, was/were unable to could, couldn’t managed to / didn’t manage to |
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Theme: |
Overcoming language barriers |
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26.3 Skills and track record |
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Functions: |
Describing levels of skill Describing reputations |
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Target Language: |
Language for describing skills Language for referring to reputation and track record |
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Theme: |
Managing talent |
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UNIT 27 PRESENTING |
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27.1 Structuring a talk |
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Functions: |
Outlining the subject-matter of a presentation Moving from one subject to another |
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Target Language: |
Phrases for introducing and punctuating a presentation |
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Theme: |
Preparing presentations |
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27.2 Contrasting |
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Functions: |
Contrasting opposing arguments Building an argument persuasively |
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Target Language: |
Words and phrases for contrasting |
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Theme: |
Preparation techniques: scripts vs. notes |
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27.3 Emphasizing |
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Functions: |
Emphasizing important arguments |
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Target Language: |
Emphatic |
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Theme: |
Getting the message across during a talk |
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UNIT 28 STANDARDS |
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28.1 Describing rules |
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Functions: |
Referring to rules and regulations Discussing issues relating to legality and illegality |
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Target Language: |
Language for discussing legal issues |
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Theme: |
Protecting intellectual property |
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28.2 Compliance |
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Functions: |
Describing legal requirements and provisions Refer to compliance and non-compliance with rules |
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Target Language: |
Language for describing compliance with regulations |
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Theme: |
Airport security Security at company premises |
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28.3 Contingency plans |
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Functions: |
Describing “if” scenarios Describing contingency plans |
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Target Language: |
If (s.t.) should happen… / Should (s.t.) happen… If (s.t.) were to happen… / Were (s.t.) to happen… Words and phrases for describing scenarios |
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Theme: |
“ETOPS” rules for commercial flights |
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UNIT 29 INCIDENTS |
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29.1 Events and circumstances |
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Functions: |
Relating past events and surrounding circumstances |
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Target Language: |
Review of past and perfect tenses |
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Theme: |
Project incident Amusing incidents at work |
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29.2 Analysis with hindsight |
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Functions: |
Expressing analysis and judgment of past actions with hindsight |
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Target Language: |
Third conditional |
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Theme: |
Project incident, continued |
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29.3 Crisis management |
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Functions: |
Describing reactions to incidents Discussing the consequences of incidents |
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Target Language: |
Language relating to crises |
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Theme: |
Incident management from a PR perspective |
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UNIT 30 NEGOTIATING |
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30.1 Negotiation analysis |
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Functions: |
Discussing negotiating approaches and problems |
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Target Language: |
Language for describing negotiations and agreements |
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Theme: |
Getting to Yes approach to negotiating |
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30.2 Positions and proposals |
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Functions: |
Describing degrees of willingness |
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Target Language: |
Language for describing degrees of willingness |
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Theme: |
Preparing for a negotiation An extract from a negotiation in progress |
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30.3 Confirming agreement |
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Functions: |
Drafting written confirmation of agreement Describing contractual obligations |
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Target Language: |
Language for describing commitment |
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Theme: |
Summing up agreement prior to contract stage |